Internal-combustion engine.



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INTERNAL comausnowammm. APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. I915 1 13 5 42. Patented Bee. 7, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

fiver/707 1 We}; Wfde INTEHNALICOMBUSTION ENGINE. AFPLICATIQN FILED PAM/17,1915

I Lwg mgv Patented Dec. 73,1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WK WW A NS/ON Ra 1- 047g R. W. IDE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION F|LED MAY l7. I915. l LWB MQB Patented Dec. 7, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Pg Wide BOY w, IDE, or SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all to h'om it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROY 1V. Ion, citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Sangamon and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exacbdescription, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings,-

forming a part of this specification. I

My invention relates to internal cmbustion engines of the class employing moving valving cylinders andhas for one of its objects the provision of an improved lubricating arrangement whereby lubricant may be supplied to the valving cylinders without finding material access through the ports thereof even though the lubricant be sup-v plied under pressure, as is preferred. In

accordance with another feature of the invention such pressure is substantially constant. v

The invention has for another of its objects the provision of means. whereby the valving cylinders may be moved longitudinally of their axes to bring them toward and from seats which are provided at the intake ends of the engines in a manner to move the valvingcylinders from said seats during the intake and exhaust periods and to maintain them nearer said seats during compres sion and expansion, an arrangement which v,perm1t's the accumulation of carbon between said seats and'the cylinders which will effectively operate as packing during compression and expansionnnd affords opportunity to add more carbon to the packing to compensate for wear, and whereby the friction load in engines of small horse power is reduced.

As I have practised my invention the valving cylinders are preferably rotated and may also serve as the main operating cylinders of the engines in which t'hepistons reciprocate, though the invention is not to Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. '7, 1915.

Application filed May 1?, 1915. Serial No. 28,695.

turning movement of the valving' cylinder during the intake, compression, expansion, and exhaust periods; Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the extent of turning move ment of the engine shaft during the intake, compression, firingand expansion, and exhaust periods; Fig. 6 is a view on line 6 6 of Fig. 1; Fig. 7 shows a detail of construction; Fig. 8 is asectional view on line,

8 8 of Fig. 1; Fig. 9 is a detail of a part of the structure as it appears in Fig. 1; Fig. 10 is a. view of a lubricant oil circulating pump which may be employed; and Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating the cam action occurring during the intake, compression, expansion, and exhaust periods for the purpose of adjusting the valving cylinder to ward and from the seat.'

'Like parts are indicatedby similar characters of reference throughout the differentfigures.

The-engine shaft 1 carries'a fly wheel 2 and isprovided with cranks 3 for turning it, these cranks being connected with the inner end of a pitman & whose outer end is swingingly connected with a piston 5, all

in accordance with well known practice. The upper portion 6 of the engine'casin'g is desirably made cylindrical and is co-axial with an inner cylinder 7, spacing 8 intervening between the innercylinder 7 and the outer cylinder 6 for the .reception of engine cooling fluid that may be circulated through said spacing,.as will be understood by those skilled in the art. A cap ,9 has portions that constitute end walls for the cylinders6 and 7, there being a sparking plug 10, desirably co-axially arranged with respect to the cylinders and projecting through the cap 9 to present its electrodes 11 and 12 to the spacing between the upper end of the piston 5 and the end wall 9'. The working cylinder 13 of the engine receives the piston 5 and is desirably also caused to function as a valving' cylinder, to which end it is provided with two ports 14 and 15, each adapted to serve, first, as an intake port and, secondly, as an exhaust port, the valving cylinder being desirably arranged to operate in a counter-clockwise direction as it is viewed from above. Each of the ports 14 and 15, is, in its turn, brought into alinement with the admission port 16 and the exhaust port 17, and inasmuch as there are two ports 14-. and 15, the valving cylinder is caused to turn a half revolution (during which one or theother of the ports 14 and 15 operates through a complete cycle that embraces the intake,"compression,expansion, and exhaust periods) during tworevolutions of the engine shaft. The. gearing by which the valving cylinder is thus driven at quarter engine speed includes the worm -Wheel '18 co-axial with and driven by theengine shaft 1, the

worm .shaft 19upon the vertical shaft 20 and meshing 'with the worm .Wheel 18, the (pinion 21 upon the upper end of the shaft 20, and the circular rack 22 carried upon the lower end of the cylinder 13 and meshing .with the pinion2'1; From the foregoing it will be observed that the valving cylinder completes two cycles in each revolution, the

port 1a functioning in one of these cycles and the port 15 functioning in the other of these cycles, aswill be apparent from the diagram of Fig. 1' and as will be understood by those skilled in the art, v The spiral diagram. of Fig. 5 'is spaced off to show the extent of turning movement of theflengine shaft during the intake, compression, firing and expansion, and exhaust pe riods, a comparison of the diagrams of F igs. 4 and 5 illustrating the relative extent of movement of'the valving cylinder and engine shaft during each of these periods, all as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art. The upper end face of the cyl-,

inder 13 lies in a-single plane that is perpendicularto the axis of the cylinder and theepposingsurface of the cap 9 also-is in a single ,pla ne. The lower end of'the cylindercarriesa cam formation 23 that operates up on-a cam seat'24." The cams 23 and cooperate to ,cause the cylinder 13 to drop a slightdistancfrom the "cap 9 during the intake and exhaust periods (see Figall) and to nearest thiscap during thecompressi" and expansionperiods, sufiicient distance'occurring between the inner face -of the 9 and the upper end of the cylinder 13 to permit of the reception of suflicient carbon, to afford a packing 13 at the upper end ofthe cylinder there to prevent the escape of gas. When the cylinder. 13 is lowered, the spacing between the cylinder and cap 9 is increased to permit of the reception of additional carbon to replace that which may have been worn away, any carbon in excess of-that required being removed by the grinding action that occurs when "thecylin der is operating during the compression and expansion periods. By this arrangement the wear upon the'packlng at the upper end of the'cylinder is compensated for to reduce gas leakage, and the frictionload'in engines of small horse power is materially reduced due to the dropping of the-cylinderand the consequent reduction of wear upon the packing. Annular spacing 25 occurs between the cylinders 7 and 13, this spacing being located between the bottom of the cylinder 13 means of the pump] such as illustrated in Fig. 10. The supply of oil is desirably contained in the bottom of the engine case and is forced upwardly through the bore .-by means of the meshing -pinions 28., A valve 29 will relieve the pressure upon the oil directed upwardly through the bore 27 if the pump pressure should exceed predeterminedpressure. The oil findingaccess to the annular spacing 25, will work its way toward 5 both ends of the cylinder 13," a portion of the. oil entering the spacing in "which the gears 21 and 22 operate -to lubricate'these gears while another portion will work its wayto the annular spacing 3.0 from which it .will find downward passage through the piping 31 to lubricate the'mainengine shaft. The spacing 30 also operatesas a trap to prevent the oil from being forced into the plane ofthe-ports 14, 15, 16 andl? so-that the forcibly fed lubricantwill not find access,- to any material extent, intothe working space provided for the piston, the piston i being lubricated in other \vaysjfamilia'r to those skilled in the art. .Asthepart of the 1590 parting from the spiritof my invention, but

Having thus described .my;i nvention- I' claim-as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent the following:, 4 m a 1. An internal combustion engine including an engine rotatedv 'valving cylinder, a j seat at the intake endofthe, engine. a packing interposed between theseat and the adjacent qend of the yalving cylinder, and means for decreasing the spacing betweln said seat and cylinder-during the compression and expansion periods to enable the packing to.functioncandpermitting an increase of such spacing,non coincidently with said periods. A a; i Y 2. An internal combustionengine includingan engine rotated valving cylinder which also constitutes the working cylinder of the engine, a piston operating within the cylinder,

gine, a packing interposed between the seat and the adjacent end of the valving cylinder, and means for decreasing the spacing between said seat and cylinder during the compression and expansion periods to enable the packing ,to function and, permitting an increase of such spacing non-coincidently with said periods.

8. An internal combustion engineincluding an engine rotated working cylinder, a piston operating within the working cylinder, a seat at the intake end of the engine,

a packing interposed between the seat and the adjacent end of the working cylinder, and means for decreasing the spacing be tween said seat and cylinder during the compression and expansion periods to enable the packing to function and permitting an increase of such spacing non-coincidently with said periods.

i. An internal combustion engine including an engine rotated valving cylindeii having a port, a second cylinder coaxial with the first and in engagement therewith, and means for feeding lubricant to engaged portions of the cylinders between said port and the engine shaft, portions of the cylinders thus lubricated being relatively formed for diverting the flow of lubricant from the port.

' 5. An internal combustion engine including an engine rotated valving cylinder which also constitutes the working cylinder of the engine, a piston operating within saidcylinder for turning the engine shaft, a second cylinder co-axial with and surrounding the aforesaid cylinder and in engagement therewith, said cylinders having coiiperating ports, and means for feeding lubricant to engaged portions of the cylinders between said ports and the engine shaft, the portions of the cylinders thus lubricated being relatively formed for diverting the flow of lubricant from the ports.

6. An internal combustion engine including an engine moved valving cylinder having a port, a second cylinder co-axial with the first and in engagement therewith, and means for feeding lubricant to engaged portions of the cylinders between said port and the engine shaft, portions of the cylinders thus lubricated being relatively formed for diverting the flow of lubricant from the port.

7. An internal combustion engine including an engine movedw valving cylinder which also constitutes the working cylinder of the engine, a piston operating within said cylinder for turning the engine shaft, a second cylinder co-axial with and surrounding the aforesaid cylinder and in engagement therewith, said cylinders having cooperating engaged portions of the cylinders between and means for feeding lubricant to' said ports and the engine shaft, portions of the cylinders thus lubricated being rela tively formed for diverting the flow of lubricant from the ports.

8. An internal combustion-engine including an engine valving cylinder having a port, a second cylinder co-axial with the first and in engagement therewith, and

- means for-feeding lubricant to engaged portions of the cylinders, portions of the cylin-- ders thus lubricated being relatively formed for divertingthe flow of lubricant to cause it to be fed in a direction away from the port.

9. In an, internal combustion engine, the combination with a ported cylinder casing, of a rotatable valve 9 cylinder, a piston adapted to work in the latter, means for supplying lubricant over a portion of the surface of the waive cylinder, and means for relieving the pressure of the lubricant at a point to prevent feeding of lubricant over a remaining portion ofthe valve cyllnder. g v

10. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a ported cylinder casing, of a rotatable valve cylinder, means for supplying lubricant over a portion of the surface of the valve cylinder, and means for relieving the pressure of the lubricant at a. point to prevent feeding of lubricant over a remaining portion of the valve cylinder.

11. An internal combustion engine including an engine rotated valving cylinder having a port, a second cylinder coaxial with the first and in engagement therewith, and means for feeding lubricant to engaged por tions of the cylinders, portions of the cylinders thus lubricated being relatively formed for diverting the vflow of lubricant to cause it to be fed in a direction away from the port.

12. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with aported cylinder casing, of a rotatable valve cylinder, a piston adapted to work in the latter, means for supplying lubricant under force over a portion of the surface of the valve-cylinder, and means for relieving the pressure of the lubricant at a point to prevent forced feed of the lubricant over the remaining valve-cylinder.

13. In an internal combustion-engine, a casing, a movable cylinder therein, and

means for forcibly feeding lubricant over a portion of the surface of the cylinder, the cylinder and casing being relatively formed at a predetermined point to relieve the pressure on the lubricant to prevent forcedfeed of the latter over the remainingportion of .115 portion of the at a predetermined point to permit escape of the lubricant in its travel away from the cylinder to prevent forced feed of the lubricant in that portion of the surface of the 7 cylinder therebeyond.

15, In an internal combustion engine, a

-casing, .a' movable cylinder therein, and menus for forcibly feeding-lubricant overa part of the surface of the cylinder to a predeteriri .ed point between the cylinder and casing, said cylinder and casing being relativcly formed to enlarge the oil receiving chamber at saidv point to relieve the pressure on the lubricant and to permit the same to escape away from -the remaining portion of the, cylinder t'herebeyond,

16. In an internal combustion engine,-

ineans for lubricating coacting parts thereof .Wllile protecting adjacent parts from the' object ion able effects of lubricant, comprising in combination withirotatably associated in- .teriitting members, of means for forcibly feeding lubricant over a portion of theconta'clting area between said members, and means .for preventing forced feed of the lubricant, over that area between said members located beyond said last mentioned vmeans, said preventative means including the relative formation 'ofsaid members to enlarge the lubricant chamber and to permitthe escape of the lubricant. 17. In an internal combustion engine, means forlubricating coacting parts thereof while protecting adjacentzparts from the detrimental effects of lubricant, comprising incoin'bination with rotatably associated interfitting-members, means for forcibly feeding lubricant over a portion of the contacting area between "saidmembers', and means ,for preventing forced feed of the lubricant over that area between said members located beyond said last mentioned means, said preventative meansincluding a relative formation of said members to relieve the lubricant of its force at the predetermined point in its travel.

' 18. In an internal combustion, engine, means forllubricatingcoactiiig parts thereobjectionable effects of lubricant, comprising in combination with rotatably associated cylinder and easing being relatively formed of while protecting "adjacent parts from the I interfitting members," means for forcibly feeding lubricant over a'portion of the contacting area between said members, and means for preventing forced feed; of the lubricant 'oyer.that area between said members located. beyond said last mentioned lTlGilIlS, said preventative meansincluding an escape for the lubricant at a predetermined point permitting the same to pass away from .the' area to be protected and overcomingthe tendency of the lubricant to feed to a harmful degree outside of its designed course of travel e 19. In .an internal combustion engine, the CODlbIIIfitlOIl with a ported cylinder casing,

of a Qvalve cylinder in moving relation to the cylinder casing, meansfor supplying.

lubricant over a portion of the surface of the valve cylinder and means for diverting lubricant at a point "to prevent feeding of lubricant over areniaining portion of the valve cylinder. I v a -20. Inan'internaltcombustion engine, the

cantover a portion of the surface of the valve cylinder, and means for diverting the lubricant at a point to prevent the feeding of lubricantinto the port.

7 combination with. aported cylinder casing,

of a :valve cylinder in moving relation to the -,cylindercas1ng, means for supplying lubri- ;21. In aiiinternal combustion engine, the

combination witha 'ported cylinder casing of a valvecylinder in movingrelation to the'cylinder casing, means for supply ng lubricant over a portion of the surface of the valvecylinder, there being facility :be-

, tweenjthe cylinder and casing for diverting the lubricant at a point to prevent the feeding of lubricant into the port. In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 12th day of May A. D., 1915.

'ROY W. IDE. Witnesses; f

GEORGE M. Bnixirnnnorr, J1

MMLUPP. 

